Guides
Practical reference guides for writing, formatting, and content work.
How to Calculate Percentage — 3 Formulas With ExamplesFind a percentage of a number, calculate what percent X is of Y, and work out percentage change — all three formulas with step-by-step worked examples.JSON Formatting Guide — Beautify, Validate & Understand JSONJSON syntax rules, the difference between beautified and minified JSON, all six value types, common errors and how to fix them, and how JSON compares to YAML, XML, and CSV.How to Remove Line Breaks — Fix Pasted Text FastWhy PDFs, Word documents, and emails leave line breaks in pasted text, the different types of line breaks, and how to remove them in any tool.Random Name Generator — Use Cases, How It Works & Name StylesFiction, software testing, privacy, game design — all need random names for different reasons. How list-based and procedural generators work, and which style fits each use case.Random Color Generator — Use Cases, Color Formats & How It WorksHEX, RGB, and HSL formats explained, why truly random RGB tends to look muddy, and how to take a generated color into a design or codebase.What Is Lorem Ipsum? History, Uses & AlternativesLorem Ipsum comes from a 45 BC Cicero text. Why designers use it, how much to generate for different mockup contexts, and when real content works better.URL Encoding ExplainedPercent-encoding converts unsafe characters to %XX format. Which characters need encoding, encodeURI vs encodeURIComponent, and common mistakes.What Is ROT13?ROT13 shifts every letter 13 positions. Applied twice it restores the original. How it works, the full substitution table, and where it shows up today.What Is Base64 Encoding?How base64 converts binary to text, what the = padding means, standard vs URL-safe variants, and where you'll actually encounter it.Morse Code Alphabet — Complete ChartAll 26 letters, digits 0–9, and common punctuation in morse code. With timing rules, SOS breakdown, and learning tips.Word Count and Character Limits by PlatformRecommended word and character counts for LinkedIn, Twitter/X, email, blog posts, YouTube, and more.Reading Time by Word Count — Reference GuideHow reading time is calculated, WPM averages by content type, and a full word count to reading time reference table.Unicode Text Styles — Complete GuideEvery Unicode text alphabet with examples: bold, italic, script, fraktur, small caps, monospace, and more. Platform support table included.What Is Glitch Text? Zalgo Text ExplainedHow corrupted glitch text is made with Unicode combining diacritical marks, the origin of Zalgo, and where it renders correctly.How to Sort a List AlphabeticallyA to Z, Z to A, by length, and natural sort — when to use each method with side-by-side examples.How to Remove Duplicate Lines from a ListWhat counts as a duplicate, case sensitivity, and the three deduplication modes explained.How to Compare Two ListsFind items only in one list, items in both, and unique entries. Union, intersection, and Jaccard similarity explained.